Typical Housing parts on the car are Gearbox Housing, Reducer Housing and bridge housing. The functions and processing methods of each shell are also different. It can be manufactured by CNC engraving, Sand Casting, transparent acrylic(PMMA/PC) 3D Printing.

1. Automotive industry requirements

Based on the overall level of the automotive industry and development trend to analyze, longer service life, can reduce the number of vehicle maintenance and maintenance costs, reduce the overall customer maintenance vehicle time, which is very friendly to customers; lightweight, performance in better vehicle energy efficiency, lower overall vehicle weight, in extreme lubrication conditions (rapid acceleration, rapid deceleration, extreme speed turning, low temperature shifting and other conditions), can be in the loss of Lubrication conditions to ensure that the parts in a certain range of time to run; the following items, for the collation of the industry requirements.
1) Longer service life.
2) Ability to operate under temporary loss of lubrication.
3) the ability to withstand higher operating temperatures
4) higher energy efficiency.
5) lighter system weight.
6) reduced maintenance, resulting in lower costs and longer working hours.
7) lower noise levels.

2. Solutions
To meet the above industry requirements, it is necessary to ensure excellent ductility, mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance and lower coefficient of friction, excellent material processability and material plasticity, and the requirements for operating temperature:
1) A perfect combination of outstanding fatigue strength and excellent ductility.
2) excellent mechanical properties over a wide range of temperatures.
3) excellent chemical resistance to automotive working fluids.
4) good ageing resistance.
5) good resistance to wear and tear.
6) low coefficient of friction.
7) moisture absorption to achieve a coefficient of thermal expansion comparable to that of metals.
8) low specific gravity.
9) easy processing.

2.1 High mechanical strength
By virtue of its semi-crystalline structure, the polymeric material can maintain its mechanical properties well in working environments above its glass transition temperature.
2.2 Thermal expansion
The fillers added to polymeric materials can reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material to a level comparable to that of metals. Therefore, there is no risk at all when using polymeric parts as direct replacements for metal parts due to the difference in coefficient of expansion.
2.3 Dynamic tensile fatigue properties
The recently introduced new high modulus carbon fiber filled composites are not only easy to process, but also have excellent mechanical properties, and their fatigue resistance has been significantly improved compared to existing high strength plastic materials with carbon fiber filled grades.
2.4 Compression Strength
Since most automotive applications also require operation under pressure loads, data on compression strength needs to be considered to avoid system failure.
2.5 Injection molding tolerances
The tolerances of molded parts are usually within 0.05% of the specified dimensions. Increasingly, high-precision injection molders are able to control tolerances to within 0.02%.
2.6 Specific Strength
Compared to metals, polymeric materials have high tensile strength and low density. The use of glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforcement can make the strength-to-weight ratio of polymeric materials meet or exceed that of common lightweight materials.
2.7 Creep
Creep is the deformation of a sample under constant stress over a long period of time. As a thermoplastic engineering plastic, plastics have excellent creep resistance and can withstand high stresses throughout their life without significant deformation over time.
2.8 Structural Strength
When plastic is considered instead of metal, it provides the lowest weight per unit volume ratio. Compared to metal, plastic materials can reduce weight significantly. Plastic materials outperform standard aluminum alloys in terms of weight and profile thickness, and can achieve almost identical volume dimensions compared to ternary alloy brass materials. Plastic materials can reduce the weight of metal parts by up to 80%.
2.9 Friction
Friction is the interaction of contact surfaces in relative motion under load. If you look at the surface of a material with a microscope, what appears to be a clean surface is actually uneven. When two materials come into contact and move relative to each other, the raised parts will collide. The top of the projection is removed as wear, and the resulting resistance to movement is the frictional force. The resulting composite material is widely used in the manufacture of friction-resistant parts because of its excellent wear resistance under high pressure and high speed conditions. The friction and wear properties of the material can be evaluated using one of several different geometric test methods.

3. Application
Since it can meet the requirements for use in the industry, it should be applied. For example, in lubrication pumps, sealing rings, hydraulic valves, gears, etc.
3.1 Lubrication pump
Plastic materials have the following advantages when used in vane pumps, gear oil pumps and centrifugal pumps.
1) Low rotational inertia.
2) Small clearance.
3) high efficiency.
4) cost comparable to metal.
5) space saving.
6) long service life.
7) low noise level.
8) no expansion when immersed in liquid.
9) Reduction of CO2 emissions.
10) Longer service life.